Sunday, January 31, 2010
Finding Subnet and Broadcast
ok, let's find, still remember how to find prefix? if you forget, please read here
/ 29 means 255.255.255.248, which note is that the value is not equal to 255, subtract that value by 256
256 to 248 = 8
needs in mind, the reduction is the key, K = 8. well, after it noticed its ip address, 192.168.0.18, key values must be at times the numbers do not exceed the value of the ip, in the example is 18, so 8 * 2 = 16, because 8 * 3 = 24 is higher than ip. 18. is already on to the network, well, to find the ip that can be used first, just add ip network + 1 = 17.After was broadcast live on the search, how, (Key + Network) - 1 = 23, to search for the last ip, live broadcast - 1 = 22.
Subnet Prefix
/ 22 or / 28 is called a prefix, as we know, ipv4 consisted of 4 octed or 32 bits, if we have 192.168.0.0/28 network, meaningful in a 28-bit binary networks (translated by 1) and rest (4 bits) is the host.
to find what ip that can be used 2n-2 ^ 2 = 4 x 2 = 14 hosts, if the 192.168.0.0/28 ip means that it can be in use is 192.168.0.1 to 192.168.0.14, because the 192.168.0.0 in use as network and 192.168.0.15 used as the broadcast.
well, to find the subnet mask from prefix / 28 was, because there are 28 bits network and host the 4-bit binary in writing as follows:
11111111.11111111.11111111.1111 0000
if translated into a decimal, becomes: 255.255.255.240
Know Linux partition and Directory
This partition is usually used for storing temporary files, is required before linux can mount the partition / usr.File-file as Boot Linux kernel and image, and all binary files as well as many important log files are also important. This partition is also used for temporary space when the operating system that requires performance, such as building or create a RPM packet from the source RPM files.
/ usr
This partition one partition that requires a large space, since many binary files in need linux, like many software installation, web pages, Squid proxy cache, Samba share files, all the local installation log files and other stored here.
Some local directory / usr:
# / usr / doc
Documentation relating to the installation program.
# / usr / bin
Execute the program is not required when booting or repair is usually only system.Program utility tools .. etc
# / usr / local / src
Source code for application installation
/ home
This partition to use for home directory of each user, is required if you provide a shell account to each of this partition user.
SWAP
Linux provides something called virtual memory, this partition is in accordance with this functuin.Partition made two times larger than the size of physical RAM is available, when the physical memory available RAM is full, SWAP partitions are used to help.
/ var
This partition is used to store variable files, files in / var is dynamic and continuously in writing or there is a change.
Some local directory to / var:
# / Var / spool
File Print Jobs, mail spool etc ..
# / var / log
File that contains the log information
# / var / run
File that contains the process ID, the service is running ..
/ boot
Partitions are used to store the file directory that is required when linux did booting.Like the vmlinux file, and the linux kernel files etc ..
/ etc
Directory that contains the local machine configuration file, save the configuration program in this directory and the file becomes a reference when running the program.
/ mnt
Used to mount the file system temporarily, when the mount cdrom or usb mount point flashdisk.Standar location is located at / mnt / cdrom or / etc .. mnt/sda1
/ proc
Provides information and processes running kernel.Directory information is used as information systems hardware such as RAM, CPU etc. ..
Some ways that could save your life
For other road users, you really do not look.
Do not make a "movement" with the assumption of any other person has
know you or they see you. Although you
and the other drivers have been met glance.
Dressed for fall. Not for swimming or for a party.
Shop cigarettes or indomie achieved less than 5 minutes journey.
But no one had a plan to kiss the asphalt. Nah worthed
if you lost all his front teeth or leaking head only to
a pack of cigarettes or a pack of indomie.
Expect the best, prepare for the worst.
Assume that other road users will behave normally, but
do not rely on your feelings are.
Leave your ego at home.
People who actually care for your safety because you
speeding are police, prosecutor and judge. They punish you for
their care.
Be aware of objects side of the road.
Especially if you drive fast enough speed on the side
streets, sidewalks as well ... a lot of dangerous things there,
Plastic bags, Puddle, The stones of the street, the hardened cement,
Nails, Son Appliances ... please call the others.
Think carefully before acting.
If you see a car slowing down in the path should be smooth and
quickly, immediately slow down and be careful, you will not know if
the driver forgot to turn the lights sein and suddenly turned in front of you.
Keep a safe distance.
Sir, sir ... remember 2 seconds with a distance of vehicles ahead. Better
again when the father realized the condition of the road as far as 12 seconds ahead.
Beware of cornering car.
They are quick and short, and driver-driver is still very young and
aggressive .... they are really dangerous.
200 kilograms of meat was not worth the 150 pounds of iron.
In rural areas, especially farm during the evening and morning,
many of the cattle that melitas. They are not trained to look
left and right when crossing the road. Remember! Horn, although
with 800 db of noise, does not make them stop cross, but
it will jump into the middle of the road!!
Use both brakes.
Most have a front brake part in braking. However, with the help
the rear brakes will make you stop faster and stable.
Always position your hands READY TO BRAKE
Pull the brakes too late just 1 second at a speed of 100 kph, giving
difference as far as 29 meters. Imagine!.
Look forward, I mean, really to the fore.
Too late reply just realized there was something in front of you and
shocked. So, look far ahead, monitor all possible
which can interfere with your trip.
Do not take more than the ability steed.
If you're weighing less than 55 pounds, do not try to try to bring mongtor
180 cc weight of 150 pounds.
Note the cars that will open the door to the street.
Beat up the car door opened suddenly it does not taste good.
Drive a discipline when the Group.
Without discipline you can harm yourself, harm
your friends and your captain imprisoned.
Give your eyes time to adapt.
One or two minutes to adapt when you move from room
bright to a dark parking area. Kalo does not, you are the same
driving blind for a few pounds first.
Use Full and Good Gear.
Wear clothing that is fitted with you and the weather. Clothing / Jacket
uncomfortable can disrupt concentration. Danger.
Stable at low speed.
Practicing to take it as a cool motorcycle and not awkward when the motor road
slow. This easy bother.
Organize your view capabilities.
Your eyes can only detect details at 5 degrees in front (area
focus). the rest, almost 175 degrees can only detect motion.
Get used to be sensitive to movements outside your focus area.
Do not panic!
Panic usually just make you can not move a muscle
membutukan hands and minds. You just stunned when your bike
tail beat a car that stopped suddenly. Stay calm and
as soon as possible to find a gap in the left or right car.
Tires should be healthy!.
Tires are part of your motor that causes you drive and
slowed down and veered. Healthy tires is one of the certificate
your safety.
YJOC SRC (First Session) 15 Nov’09
Sunday, exactly on 15 November 2009, Division of Safety Riding YJOC held SRC (Safety Riding Course) in cooperation with the RSA (Road Safety Association). YJOC SR Division Goals for the participants, member-member YJOC either already had or not had the NRA.Here YJOC SR Division affirmed the importance of driving well on the road, not harm fellow road users whether pedestrians, cyclists, and drivers or 4 wheel.On this event SRC, SR YJOC restrict participants who participate, numbering 20 people and each participant registration fee for material and reproduce, and coffee lunch participants restrictions break.With SRC, SR Division YJOC hoped participants would be more focused, easier to interact and question and answer with RSA.Event which begin at 10:00 wib, starting with list was repeated member.After that introduction of RSA representative, Bro Ipank and Bro Lucky and then Pacquiao to the division of material and the pre test questions that have been made by the Division YJOC SR.Regarding these tests, there are some questions about traffic signs, knowledge of safety gear, up to a good maneuver using pre motor.Kemudian after about these tests, the show resumed with an explanation of matter, about the socialization of the new law No. 22 in 2009, plus about safety gear, and preparation before riding and session for discussion.At moment of explanations such materials, there was an interesting discussion about the safety gear.
Question :
Question from member YJOC-182 is on the order of Sigit bro when wearing safety gear is good gear like??
Answer :
The order of wearing safety gear is a good gear, starting from the shoes, knee protector (if any), jacket, helmet, and the last is a glove.
Above is one of the many questions that make the discussion more interesting and complete.After question and answer session, be continued with a break for lunch for the participants.
After lunch on the go with the new material is a comfortable driving position and the Basic Group Riding.Pada material comfortable driving position, described how a sitting position on the vehicle, position your arms and hands, so comfortable driving fast and not tired when driving and then be continued with the materials group riding, here described the basic techniques of group riding, a group of signaling during riding, while group riding formation, starting from 1 line formation, parade, until the formation stegger or zigzag.And not forget about a safe distance while driving is good when group riding as well as on the highway is 2 seconds between motorcycle a minimum distance between vehicles while driving.
Then after all the material done in clear, closed with a post about a reference test.Which SR Division YJOC about the success of SRC understanding of the participants, the material has been described after the SRC .Hope all participants getting better at driving, and increasingly understood as what it was and how the Safety Riding, coupled with the provisions of understanding the new law No. 22 in 2009, the socialization of new regulations such as the one of which must not turn left immediately, and the prohibition to use strobe, siren, other than vehicles such as ambulances, fire trucks and police cars
The ritual is completed the closing ceremony at 16:00 o’clock conducted by the photographs with the participants and representatives of the RSA.
Simple Bash Script
################
#!/bin/sh #
#Script Adduser#
################
echo -n “Insert Username = “;
read name
echo -n “Insert yourname = “;
read namacomplete
echo “Add User”
/usr/sbin/useradd -c”$namacomplete” $name
echo “Insert Password”
/usr/bin/passwd $name
———————–
#######################
#!/bin/sh #
#171207 #
#Script Add IP Address#
#######################
echo “Example Interface = eth0″;
echo -n “Interface = “;
read interface
echo -n “Add IP Address = “;
read ip
echo -n “Subnetmask = “;
read subnetmask
echo -n “Default Gateway = “;
read gateway
echo -n “DNS Server = “;
read dns
echo “Add IP Address”;
/sbin/ifconfig -a $interface $ip $netmask
echo “Add Default Gateway”;
/sbin/route add default gw $gateway
echo “Add DNS Server”;
echo “nameserver $dns” > /etc/resolv.conf
——————————
##############################
#!/bin/sh #
#171207 #
#Script Add Virtual Interface#
##############################
echo “Example Interface Virtual = eth0:1″;
echo -n “Interface Virtual= “;
read interface
echo -n “Insert IP Address = “;
read ip
echo -n “Subnetmask = “;
read subnetmask
echo “Add Interface Virtual”
/bin/touch /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$interface
echo “DEVICE=$interface” >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$interface
echo “ONBOOT=yes” >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$interface
echo “BOOTPROTO=static” >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$interface
echo “IPADDR=$ip” >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$interface
echo “NETMASK=$subnetmask” >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$interface
echo “Restart Service Network”;
/etc/init.d/network restart
———————————–
###################################
#!/bin/sh #
#171207 #
#Script Transparant Proxy #
###################################
echo -n “Insert source ‘IP/NETMASK’ =”;
read source
echo -n “Insert Destination ‘IP/NETMASK’ =”;
read destination
echo -n “Insert Protocol =”;
read protocol
echo -n “Insert Destination Port =”;
read dport
echo -n “Insert Redirect Port =”;
read redirect
echo “Create redirect rule”
/sbin/iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -s $source -o etho -j MASQUERADE
When IT Guys sing songs
By : Beatles
Yesterday,
All those backups seemed a waste of pay
Now my database has gone away
Oh I believe in yesterday…..
Suddenly,
There’s not half the files there used to be
And there’s a milestone hanging over me
The system crashed so suddenly
I pushed something wrong
What it was I could not say
Now all my data’s gone and I long for yesterday-ay-
ay-ay
Yesterday,
The need for back-ups seemed so far away
I knew my data was all here to stay
Now I believe in yesterday
IMAGINE
by : John Lennon
Imagine there’s no Windows
It’s easy if you try
No fatal errors or new bugs
To kill your hard drives
Imagine Mr. Bill Gates
Leaving us in peace!
Imagine never ending hard disks
It isn’t hard to do
Nothing to del or wipe off
And no floppy too
Imagine Mr. Bill Gates
Sharing all his money
You may say I’m a hacker
But I’m not the only one
I hope someday you’ll join us
And your games will fit in RAM
Imagine 1-Giga RAM
I wonder if you can
No need for left-shifts or setups
And no booting again and again
Imagine all the systems
Working all life-time!
You may say I’m a hacker
But I’m not the only one
Maybe someday I’ll be a cracker
And then I’ll make Windows run…..
LET IT BE
By : Beatles
When I find my code in tons of trouble
Friends and colleagues come to me
Speaking words of wisdom: Write in C
As the deadline fast approaches
And bugs are all that I can see
Somewhere, someone whispers: Write in C
Write in C, Write in C
Write in C, oh, Write in C
LOGO’s dead and buried
Write in C
I used to write a lot of FORTRAN
For science it worked flawlessly
Try using it for graphics!
Write in C
If you’ve just spent nearly 30 hours
Debugging some assembly
Soon you will be glad to Write in C
Write in C, Write in C
Write in C, yeah, Write in C
BASIC’s not the answer
Write in C
Write in C, Write in C
Write in C, oh, Write in C
Pascal won’t quite cut it
Write in C
Jomblus Misterius
now i have a long time for surfing on internet, with uncle google my favorites search engine.I try searching with word “tipe jomblo”, and finally i have some site with information, which i hope that’s all about jomblo and then reading the information about jomblo, i find type of jomblo…tattt taaahhh…type of Jomblo is “Jomblus Misterrius”..
Jomblus Misterius
Hidden personality trait jomblus misterrius is the most prominent. Singles-C type is very ‘introverted’. Of 100% which is in his mind, only 10% -20% who expressed out. Singles are less confident that caused a lot of desire and determination.Actually this jomblo great potential and is phisic appearance did not disappoint, but this jomblo can not use your strengths as a reliable means of communication to the opposite sex. Singles like this tends to be a faithful spouse because the struggle and his efforts to get the pair he wanted very significant, so fortunately for the opposite sex who could see the potential jomblo this one.
This jomblo characteristics are:• High Potential
• weak communication equipment
• hunter remote